When preparing a male client, age 51, for surgery to treat appendicitis, the nurse formulates a nursing diagnosis of Risk for infection related to inflammation, perforation, and surgery. What is the rationale for choosing this nursing diagnosis?
a- Obstruction of the appendix may increase venous drainage and cause the appendix to rupture.
b- Obstruction of the appendix reduces arterial flow, leading to ischemia, inflammation, and rupture of the appendix.
c- The appendix may develop gangrene and rupture, especially in a middle-aged client.
d- Infection of the appendix diminishes necrotic arterial blood flow and increases venous drainage.
Answer B.
A client with appendicitis is at risk for infection related to inflammation, perforation, and surgery because obstruction of the appendix causes mucus fluid to build up, increasing pressure in the appendix and compressing venous outflow drainage. The pressure continues to rise with venous obstruction; arterial blood flow then decreases, leading to ischemia from lack of perfusion. Inflammation and bacterial growth follow, and swelling continues to raise pressure within the appendix, resulting in gangrene and rupture. Geriatric, not middle-aged, clients are especially susceptible to appendix rupture.
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What is colloquially referred to as appendicitis, is merely an inflammation of the appendix vermiformis of the cecum, which is located at the beginning of the colon.
Appendicitis is a common disease that occurs most frequently in childhood and adolescence.
Often, the cause of appendicitis remains unknown. Occasionally stool residues clog the vermiform appendage, causing the bacteria in the stool to multiply and cause inflammation. Other causes of a Kotstau are the kinking of the appendix, scarred constrictions or foreign bodies, such as a swallowed fruit kernel. Rarely, intestinal parasites, for example worm infestation or even a tumor, are responsible for appendicitis.
What are the symptoms of appendicitis?
- Most common are loss of appetite, refusal of food intake and abdominal pain, which usually begin in the upper abdomen.
- Later nausea and vomiting are often added.
- After a few hours, the pain shifts to the right lower abdomen.
- Sometimes it also causes constipation or diarrhea.
- Defense tension during palpation of the abdomen.
- Schondmung and restraint (usually with pulled legs) for pain prevention
A dreaded complication is the "appendectomy": this causes the inflamed appendix to break into the abdominal cavity. Symptoms of this life-threatening emergency include:
- annihilation pain
- Brettharter belly
- collapse to shock
- impaired general condition, fever, restlessness, respiratory distress
- A temporary improvement in abdominal pain and a subsequent increase in abdominal pain may be an indication of an appendectomy.
How is an appendicitis diagnosed?
First, the doctor asks the patient about his complaints (medical history). The physician uses typical pressure and pain points during the physical examination to check for signs of appendicitis. An ultrasound (sonography) can be helpful in the diagnosis. However, it should be noted that an ultrasound normal finding does not preclude appendicitis. In case of doubt, a reliable diagnosis can only be achieved by a laparoscopy. If she confirms the inflammation, an immediate operation can be carried out.
How to provide first aid for appendicitis?
- Bring the affected person to the doctor as soon as possible! If there is a suspicion of an appendectomy, call emergency services immediately! Dial the emergency call 112!
- Let the victim lie in a comfortable position for him, for example on the side with legs pulled up!
- Cover him so he does not freeze!
- Do not give the patient anything to eat or drink!
- Regularly check his breathing and his consciousness!
Reassure the person affected and stay with him until the doctor comes!
What is the prognosis of appendicitis?
If surgery is performed on time (appendectomy), the prognosis for appendicitis is generally very good. The majority of patients recover completely from appendicitis, life-threatening it can only in rare cases, if not treated in time. Therefore, it is important to go to the doctor early with the first symptoms to prevent complications.
a- Obstruction of the appendix may increase venous drainage and cause the appendix to rupture.
b- Obstruction of the appendix reduces arterial flow, leading to ischemia, inflammation, and rupture of the appendix.
c- The appendix may develop gangrene and rupture, especially in a middle-aged client.
d- Infection of the appendix diminishes necrotic arterial blood flow and increases venous drainage.
Answer B.
A client with appendicitis is at risk for infection related to inflammation, perforation, and surgery because obstruction of the appendix causes mucus fluid to build up, increasing pressure in the appendix and compressing venous outflow drainage. The pressure continues to rise with venous obstruction; arterial blood flow then decreases, leading to ischemia from lack of perfusion. Inflammation and bacterial growth follow, and swelling continues to raise pressure within the appendix, resulting in gangrene and rupture. Geriatric, not middle-aged, clients are especially susceptible to appendix rupture.
-------------------------
What is colloquially referred to as appendicitis, is merely an inflammation of the appendix vermiformis of the cecum, which is located at the beginning of the colon.
Appendicitis is a common disease that occurs most frequently in childhood and adolescence.
Often, the cause of appendicitis remains unknown. Occasionally stool residues clog the vermiform appendage, causing the bacteria in the stool to multiply and cause inflammation. Other causes of a Kotstau are the kinking of the appendix, scarred constrictions or foreign bodies, such as a swallowed fruit kernel. Rarely, intestinal parasites, for example worm infestation or even a tumor, are responsible for appendicitis.
What are the symptoms of appendicitis?
- Most common are loss of appetite, refusal of food intake and abdominal pain, which usually begin in the upper abdomen.
- Later nausea and vomiting are often added.
- After a few hours, the pain shifts to the right lower abdomen.
- Sometimes it also causes constipation or diarrhea.
- Defense tension during palpation of the abdomen.
- Schondmung and restraint (usually with pulled legs) for pain prevention
A dreaded complication is the "appendectomy": this causes the inflamed appendix to break into the abdominal cavity. Symptoms of this life-threatening emergency include:
- annihilation pain
- Brettharter belly
- collapse to shock
- impaired general condition, fever, restlessness, respiratory distress
- A temporary improvement in abdominal pain and a subsequent increase in abdominal pain may be an indication of an appendectomy.
How is an appendicitis diagnosed?
First, the doctor asks the patient about his complaints (medical history). The physician uses typical pressure and pain points during the physical examination to check for signs of appendicitis. An ultrasound (sonography) can be helpful in the diagnosis. However, it should be noted that an ultrasound normal finding does not preclude appendicitis. In case of doubt, a reliable diagnosis can only be achieved by a laparoscopy. If she confirms the inflammation, an immediate operation can be carried out.
How to provide first aid for appendicitis?
- Bring the affected person to the doctor as soon as possible! If there is a suspicion of an appendectomy, call emergency services immediately! Dial the emergency call 112!
- Let the victim lie in a comfortable position for him, for example on the side with legs pulled up!
- Cover him so he does not freeze!
- Do not give the patient anything to eat or drink!
- Regularly check his breathing and his consciousness!
Reassure the person affected and stay with him until the doctor comes!
What is the prognosis of appendicitis?
If surgery is performed on time (appendectomy), the prognosis for appendicitis is generally very good. The majority of patients recover completely from appendicitis, life-threatening it can only in rare cases, if not treated in time. Therefore, it is important to go to the doctor early with the first symptoms to prevent complications.
Labels
Gastrointestinal Diseases