Sterility through .22 m filter, do not remove.. bacteria

Sterility through .22 m filter, do not remove:

• A) bacteria
• b) virus
• c) fungi
• d) a+c
• e) b+c

The answer is d. a+c.

The answer to this question depends on the specific pore size of the 0.22 micron filter and the types of bacteria, viruses, and fungi being considered. Here's a breakdown of each option:

• a) bacteria: Most bacteria are larger than 0.22 microns and would be effectively removed by the filter. However, some very small bacteria, like Mycoplasma, can be smaller than this size and potentially pass through.

• b) virus: Viruses vary greatly in size, with some larger than 0.22 microns and some much smaller. For example, HIV is about 0.1 micron, while the influenza virus is about 0.08 micron. Therefore, a 0.22 micron filter would remove some viruses but not all.

• c) fungi: Fungal spores and hyphae are generally larger than 0.22 microns and would be filtered out. However, some small yeast cells could potentially pass through.

• d) a+c: This option correctly states that most bacteria and fungi would be removed, but it neglects the fact that some viruses could also pass through.

• e) b+c: Similar to option d, this option correctly identifies that some viruses and most fungi would be filtered out, but it doesn't consider the potential for some bacteria to pass through as well.

Therefore, the most accurate answer would depend on the specific context and the types of organisms of concern. However, based on the general size ranges, option d) a+c would be the closest approximation for a typical 0.22 micron filter.

Remember, filtration is not always a foolproof method for achieving sterility, and other methods like autoclaving might be necessary depending on the specific requirements.